Automatic piano.



F. R. GOOLMANQ AUTOMATIC PIANO.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEZO, 1904. RENEWED JULY 5, 1906. v

917,288. v Patented Apr. 6,1909.

v 'ISHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES: '3;- J I INVENTOR I 7 fl'ea'ierzb aazman P. R. GOOLMAN.

AUTOMATIC PIANO. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1904., RENEWED JULY 5, 1906.

Patented Apr, 6, 1909.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES:-

Y ATTORNEYS I F. R. GOOLMAN. AUTOMATIC PIA N(). APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1904. RENEWED JULY 5, 1906.

917 ,288. Patented Apr, 6, 1909.

7 SHEBTS'iSHEET 3.

. B) 3 N I ATTOHNE' W/ TNE SSE S F. R. GOOLMAN. AUTOMATIC PIANO. APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 20,-1904. RENEWED JULY 5; 1906.

917,288, Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

i7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Y////////// 2 Z J A 4. g

ATTDRHEYS .P. R. GOOLMAN.

AUTOMATIC PIANO. APPLICATION TILED JUNE 20;,1904 RENEWED JULY 5, 1906. I 917,288.; Patented Apr. 6,1909.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

J4; 133 16 i i fix;

-16 I C' Z3 22 A31 22 I21 6 L23 -12! E- -5 Illllllllllllllll P. R. GOOLMAN.

, AUTOMATIC PIANO. 4PPLIOATION FILED JUNE 20, 1904. RENEWED JULY 5, 1906.

917,288. 7 Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

I IV V E /V TOR fiaderid f3. 60027726110 ATTORNEYS F. R. EG'OO L'MAN. AUTOMATIC PIANO. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1Q04.- RENEWED JULY 5:, 1906.

917,288. Patentd A ia, 1969.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

WITNESSES:

BY ;Z I

-UNITED sainrnsfrnrnnrorl ron.

FREDERICK ROOT GOOLMAN, OF BINGHAMTON, NE

AUTOMATIC PIANO.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 6,. 1909.

Application filed June 20, 1904, Serial No. 213,296. Renewed July 5, 1906. Serial No. 324,747.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK R001 GOOLMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Binghamton, in the county of Broome and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Automatic Piano, of which the following. is a full, clear, and exact descri tion.

The purpose 0 the invention is to provide a piano, and means electrically operated or operated by acoin, whereby to set the instrument in action, the'instrument acting automatically to complete any tune commenced.

namely, a main lower section 1), adapted to receive the perforated paper after assing. in

A further object of the invention is to provide'a device attachable to any piano of any type, which will render the action of the .piano automatic, and to accomplish the above-named results in a very simple, economic and practical manner.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of the several parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out in the'claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which'similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

Figurelis a perspective view of a piano having the improved attachment applied;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the instrument, a-

portion of the casing being removed and parts being in section; Fig. 3 is a rear view of the keys and the pneumatics, the said parts being removed from the casing; Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section taken practically on the line 44 of Fig. 2; Fig: 5 is a horizontal section taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a verticaltransverse sectional view taken practically on the line 66 of Fig. 4 certain arts being omitted; Fi 7 is a section ta' en substantially on the inc 7-7 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a plan viewof the parts shown in Fig. 6, and ap-- pendages; Fig. 9 is a detail view of a portion of the operating device for the lower sustaining bellows; Fig. 10"isa section taken ractically on .the line 1'O1.0' of" Fig-Q9, ooking in the direction of the arrow;-Fig. 11

is a lcngitudinali section taken through one ofthe neumatics, andthe parts operating directly. therewith; Fig. 12 is a VGItlCitlSBG- instrument, as is shown in Fig. 4.

In F ig. 1 I have illustrated a'front perspective view ofan upright piano A to which my improvement is applied, the said instrument being of the usual type, and B repres'ents a drawer or receptacle located at the front below the horizontal partitionlO dividing the keyboard section from the lower portion'o'f the casing of the instrument, the key board A with its keys ZG being'that of the usual type. In fact, the construction of the instrument throughout is that of the ordinary upright piano.

The drawer B is practically in two'sections,

and the interior of' the instrument A by means of an opening 13 in the back of theupper section of the drawer, and a registering opening 13%;; the lower front panel 15 of the' The uper section b. of the drawer B,'receives a duct ridge 0, the supports for the same and the tension device B forfthe paper 14', together and the said upper section of the drawer car ries the guide drums, hereinafter descrihed, for the perforated paper 14, whichguide drums are located below the duct bridge C when the drawer B is in position on the instrument. The duct bridge Cjs supported on side arms 16, pivoted at their rear ends to brackets 19, extending down from the partit-ion 10, and braced by an intermediate bar 20, as is shown in Fig. 8 and as is also shown in Fig. 8, an outer top bar 21 is secured to the arms 16, having. slots 22, screws 23 beingpassed through'the slots into the top of the duct bridge 0. Thus the duct bridge is endwise adjustable upon its supporting frame, so that its duct-ways or slotsmay be made to properly register with-the slots or openings-in the paper designed-t0 cover or uncov ert said'duct-ways or slots in the duct bridge. That' end of the-supporting frame to which the ductbridge is attached is adjnstably suspended by means of chains 24' or the like, at-

tached to the frame and to the partition 10, as' is shown in Fig. 4. 1

V The duct bridge C is shown particularly in Figs. 4, 6,, 8, 13 and 18. In the detail c0nstruction'o'f the duct bridge, a series of duct openings or slots 25 is produced, corresponding in number to the number of keys'26 to be" brought into operation on'the keyboard A, and additional openings are also provided in the duct bridge adapted to stop theautomatic playing attachment when the end of the piece is reached. The duct openings 25 in the duct bridge 0 extend from the bottom edge 27, which is rounded, and out through the inner side edge, as isshown in Fig. 4 but in Fig; 18, which is. urely a diagrammatic figure, while the duct ridge is clearly shown its true position is not disclosed, in order that the various connections may 'be made more apparent. The ma or1ty of the duct slots or Y openings in the duct bridge'C a're c0.n-

nected by individual exciter tubes 0 with pneumatics X, adapted to operate the keys, which pneumatics are arranged in two series,

a'lower' series D and an uppenseries D The pneumatlcs X correspond in number to the number of keys desired to be brought into action, which keys will include all of the middle register, and as many octaves high and low as may be decided upon, but not necessarily the keys included in the extreme high or the extreme low octaves, but each kc ma be rovided with a corresnondin i pneumatic n des1red, wh1ch pneumatics are known as striking pneumatics.

it has been found that much advantage has been obtained b r arran ing the strikin Q I pneumatics in the two rows D and D one above the other, as thereby they are not crowded tofgether, better results canbe obtained and the entire arrangement of the at tachment'may be rendered exceedingly'compact and accessible. l

As shown in Fig. 3 the striking pncumatics X are carried by a frame E, comprising side bars 28 secured to the rear portion ofthe partition 10, a bottom bar 2'8 to which the lower row D of striking pneumatics are secured, an intermediate bar 29, which carries the upper row D of striking pneumatic-s, and an upper tracker rail 30. The striking pneumatics X are all of the same construction and are so placed that the tracker rods F connected with the striking pneumatics of one rowwill not interfere with the action of consists of a lower section f liavinga pin at lower end, passing through an opening 33 in the rear of the finger, and an upper section f 2 screwed into the lower section], so .to render the bar adjustable; and at the upper end of the section f a striking head f is provided, engaging with the under face of; a key 26 at its inner end.

As I have arranged the striking pneumatics .in two rows D and D, I also employ two vacuum chests G and G, connected near their ends by tubes or pipes 34. The vacuum s onding rows of striking pneumatics X, as is siiown in Fig. 4, and each strikingpneumatic of a rowis in communication' with an adjacent vacuum chest, the communication being icle'arly shown in Fig. 11. The vacuum chests G and G are supported in the casing any suitable or approved 'm'anner. The outer ends of thetrunks or body portions 35 of the striking pneumatics X- in the several rows DandD are attached to corresponding vacuum chests G and G by means ct screws 39 or their equivalents, as is shown in Fig. 1.1; and each vacuum chest G and G is provided with a number of openings'36 in its lower portion, and each. of such openings 36 is in communication with theinterior of the body or trunk of a striking pneumatic X 1 by registering With an opening 37 at the outer attached end of the said striking pneumatics, and said openings 37 communicate with a va'cuumchamber 40 in the body or trunk 35 separated. from the bellows 32 by a division board Where the striking pneumatics X connect with the vacuum chests, washers 38 are employed to render the said connections air-tight, as is shown in Fig. 11.

as shown in Fig. 11, in which an exhaust port 42 isv made in the partition 41, establishing communication between the vacuum. chamber 40 and the bellows 32; and-an air communication with the atmosphere contained in the casing A of the piano and likewise in communication with the vacuum chamber 40. 1 A cup 44 is located within the the opening 45 in the cup; bi'ituvi'hen' the valve 46 is depressed against; thetensicnof the spring 47 the valve/will closethexinner end. of the air port 43, and these: two move.- mfe'nts of the valve, under the influenceof the air" inthc vacuum chest. will sheet the closure or the opening or th .bc lows sect on 32 of the striking pneunia and vilebelloWs SZ is closed the trackerrod F chests G and G are arranged above corre- I Each striking pneumatic X is constructed port 43, is made in the said partition 4l, in

vacuum chamber 40, including within its of-the instrument below the partition 10 in of the striking pneumatics which chamber is by that pneumatic will rise and operate the action, causing a hammer to strike a strin and when the bellows is inflated again t e -tracker rod will be drawn downward out-of Tr-action D At the inner end .of each striking pneumatic, a longitudinal opening 49 is formed in the partition 41, into which opening an end of an exciter tube c is received, the other end of the tube being connected with a duct or opening in the duct bridge C; and an 'en-' largement 49 is made in the opening 49' at its inner end, which enlargement of the opening extends outfromthtop of the partition 15 41, and is closed by a flexible diaphragm 50, which diaphragm 50 has a disk 51 secured to its upper face, whichdisk is consequently within. the vacuum chamber 40; and the said disk is provided with a headed shank 52, extending centrally therefrom. A small port 53 is made in the partition 41, extending from its upper face into the opening 49 receiving the exciter tube and below this.

small port or duct 53 a screen 54 is locatedin said opening 49,-which'is a dust screen, and prevents any dustfrom passing into the opening 49 and clogging the duct 53, therebypreventing interference with the. proper movement of the diaphragm 50.

The valve46 is normally in the position' shown in Fig. 11, namely, closing the open: ing 45 in the cup 44, at which time the bellows is inflated and the tracker rod F conncctcd with the bellows is out of action. When, hoWever,-the valve 46 is carried down to a closed osition over the air port 43, the vacuum will cause the bellows to collapse, and the valve 46 is carried down to this latter position by means of the air entering the o )vnings 49 and 49 and raising the 'dia phragm 50, which in its turn will raise whatI term a rider 55, which rider presses down upon the eye 48 of the valve .46, and forces the said valve downward against the tension of the spring 47. This rider 55 is in thcform of a spring, one end having bearing against the valve 46 and the other 'end against the shank 52 ofithe disk carried by the 'diaphragm 50; and this spring is pivoted between its ends'by means of a suitable pin 56,

or its equivalent. In the detail operation of this portion of the attachment the air is exhausted from' the vacuum chest with which the striking pneumatic X is ,r-onncted, which in turn exhausts air from the vacuum chamber 40 through the air duct 37. 'When the port in the duct bridge in communication with the striking pneumatic is opened by reason of a slot in the controlling sheet 14 registering with it, air is admitted through this duct 'in the duct bridge, and entersthe openings 49 and 49 in the striking pneumatic, passing through the srrcen'54, and acts to raise the 65 diaphragm 50, whereupon the end of the vppe i li rider hearing on the-disk or button of'the' diaphragm 50 ls raised and its oppositeend depressed, unseating the valve 46 from the 45 in the cup 44, and causing it,to close t e an port-43, allowing the air to exhaust fromthe bellows 32 through the exhaust port 42, and. the bellows to'cl'oseand the track rod F of the pneumatic to have astriking. action on .thekey 26. When the perforation or slot in the controllin sheet 14 has'passed the duct in the duct bridge C, the iii-coming airiscut'oiffrom the'openings 49- and 49, leaving .the space between the ductbridgeand the diaphragm 50 full of dead, air. The spring 47 then acts to raise the 0 valve 46 so that it again seats itself against the cup 44 and again closes the 0pen'ingf45 in the said cup ,lthns' sealing the cup. At the same time that the'spring 47 raises the valve 46 it likewise elevates the innerend of the rider 55 causing the, outer end to depressthe diaphragm ,50, the dead air in the openings 49 and 49 finding an escape through the vent 0'1" port 53.

;In order that the bellows. 32shalhreturn 9 to its 'originalposition,airinustlbe admitted to it, so as to destroy the vacuum, ;"There fore the air port 43 is employed, and the atmospheric air entering this port passes up the bellows 5 into the cupv 44 and down into through the exhaust port 42,- 4 Air is exhausted from theva'cuun chests G- andG throughthemedium 'ofa pump H,

which consists of a substantially triangular fixed frame 56, provided withan upper bellows '57 and two other bellows 58 and 59 located at the side portions of the said frame at its bp ttom,;all of these bellows being fixed to said frame. Each bellows is proj videdat its inner or operating face-with a 165 rod 60, and these rods 60 are pivotally connected with a crank pin 61, which crank pin is eccentrically mounted on a disk 62, carried by a shaft at the opposite end of which a large pulley 63 is secured. The- 1 l0 pump, the shaft therefor and the pulley just described are'located beneath the partition board 10 in the piano casing, son'lewbat near the front ofthe instrument and adjacent to the opening where the drawer B is located, 1 l5 as is best shown in Fig. 2. A tube 64 'connects the lower bellowsfl59 with the upper bellows 57, and the upper bellows 57 is con-' nected by a vacuum tube 65 with the vacuum chests G and G]. I

A motor H, preferably an electric motor, is employed to drive the pulley 63 of'th pump shaft, and this motor is provided with l a suitable small dr ving pulley 66, over which ,a belt 67 is passed, the said belt being like; wise passed over the large pulley 63 on-the pump shaft; and preferably also a belt tightcner is employed to engage with the upper stretch of the belt 67, consisting of a small friction pulley 68, shown in Fig. 2,

v mounted on an arm 6 the pump frame 56. In Fig; '2 board is designated'as .70 "andfthe strings as 72;

The ordinar key's 26, as s1 briefly described as follo ployed, from-which an a ally connected with .th 75 with which the keystract or prolong 76. This ack b anda jac which is c and a .lever 81 is pivota said action rail, having gagement with a string, necting' the damper said support likewise carries. the ordi cover spring 84 and also the shank of a hammer 86, the said shank o g provided with a butt 87, which .is the j act: 78, and in the rear ammer sha'nk'85 it rests againstj 3 ends of whichgeilectually serve to prevent the controlling sheet-[passing beneath this roller 94 and "'becomi clogged -or torn-.

flarwes.

ard thr 6'5 91 and the re] mer be operated by tion of the h a hammer'r same effect as that which the action of the ordinar This device 2' ill tieularly described.

At the upper front b of the box B, at tl -box of the box'ta bearin of the bearing bars open bearings 92, sho' -n Corresponding bearings 9 receive the trunnions v95 of t 93 and 94 foe the controlling sh outer roller 94 being so close to th sufficient space is left bet an upper guide at 14, hiclr is s-provided with hicli gear is located said roller as is she n the guide rollers or ith end or headj sheet 14 passes up between the batten ler 94 over the said roller, and

that only roller andsaid batten to form. .space for the controlling-she endless. The inner roller 933i a gear 96 at one end} beyond the head of the ."il'l, Fig- 5, since'each of drums 93 and 94 is-provi( The controlling led 9 which i action K'is employed for the 4', and

ws: A rail 73 'is em rm 74 extends, pivot-" e abstract or prolong engages, the said abbeing' pivoted-to a-jack base ase carries. a back check 77 78"tog'ether with a flange79,- onnected with an action rail 80,

lly attached tothe: a damper 82 for-enand a shank 83 con-, ith the level". The

ail 88. i ,This hammer rail 88 is movable to and from thestrings', bein ported by arms 89' at its attached to said arms a support in the casing.

With reference "to the; 4; I ill here remark the ends and cha1ns,90 nd to any overhead action shown-in. Fig. t the cord 90 isthat ly'know-n as the bridle tape. hammer rail 88 normally distance from the strings as mers, full play in makingi'a ces are employed, automatto drawthe hammer rail in o as to reduce the portion of the section 1e inner side ofthe said a batten-91 is located, "and at-each end g bar 91 is secured, each being provided V in Figs. 4 and 5. are adapted to ui'de drums eet 14, the' e batten 91 s pivoted on: the sounding producing the is accomplished-by soft pedal of a pie hereinafter par- 10??61 section b of the dra'zz' er B.

14 were loosely passed over the two rollers or drums 9 3- and-94, there would he a reat tendency for the sheet/14 to buckle and not to pass uniformly over said rollers, and'consequently :not pass uniformly beneath the ductf'bridge-C, the lower. ortion of'-. wl1ich duct' bridge is engaged by t atpprtion ofthe. controlling sheet 14 whichisetween the two'dfiumsor'rollers 93 and 94: In' order to i avoid sucha 'diificulty' employ what I term a guide spider .97. This spi er 'isusually made of wire bent" yon-itself so as. .to form a main loop section a whichis' arallel withface of the inner-roller or drum'93', as is bent. uponIlts elf in direction of the outer,

closely, and'isfthen carried vertically down wardand horizontally'beneath the said drum Finally; arms d ,';also 0 wire, are. attached gentle and uniform pressure on thir'sheet 14, practically ironin it, and therefore absoutely preventsjt fe sheet' from buckling while passing over the rollers-or'drums 93 and94. I 7

leave the inner roller 93 in a smooth condi ti0n,'and -furthermore toprovide such frictional contactof the controlling sheetwith" larly over the =drum 93, a cramp roller 97 is ein loyed, whichengages withjthe said contro ling sheet l4 st prior to itslea'ving the 9.7is mounted to turnin' arms 98, which tion of the drawer B inthe sectionb" there of; and a spring 99 engages with a bar 99,

which extendsfrbm one arm 98" to the other; the spring engaging'with the central portion of the said bar 99'; .lhis spring is held up turn andlto slid'e on the rear inner face-of the drawer-B, Which' latch is provided with a suitabletliumbpiece ml, extending above the bott ni'of'the slotor opening 13 in the back of t io said d awe-r as 18 shown in Figs.

4 and 5; The latch 100 is further provided spider :97 in its operation "exertsgextended,

then over the roller 93 and don n into the It is eviden't that if the controllinglsheet and approaches somewhat close ythe outer I shown in Figs 4, iandi5 ;.;and t hen. the wire is drumfor' roller 94,, approaching itsomewhat i or roller'94,- forming members J (1, the outer to'th'e sidesof the-loop section d4 in any suit- In order that controlling sheet 14 shall" the said roller 93 that it. will 'be drawn regu- 4 inner d'rumor ro c1; 93. The-cramp roller arms are pivotally attached to the rear porto its work means of a latch 100, held to with a head 102 having abe'veled face; The

vented from moving too far in direction of draweras is shown in Fi 4, thus coin ellingthe spring 199 to keep t e cramp r01 er 97 4 up to its w'ork. The cramp roller is prethe feed roller 93 :with which it practicall engages, by attaching chains 103 tothe'bac portion of the drawer and to the arms 98 supporting the cramp roller.

The feed drums or rollers 93 and Q4,'or those which carry the cont'rollingsheet 14,

- are operated through the medium of the'said gear'96, which when operated upon moves the drum or roller ,93, and, it through the "medium of the cramp lever 97 moves the said controlling sheet 14 over; the other roller 94, which is in. the nature of an idler.

The movement of. the .roller or'drum 93 is brought about and is' regulated in the fol-- lowing manner: A pinion 104 engages'with the gear 96, and this pinion'is secured to ashaft 105, held to turn in bearings 106 and 106, supported from the partition 10 of the casing, as is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The shaft 105, which extendsparallel with the front of the instrument, is provided'at.one end, or the end o'posite that carrying the pin-ion 1 04, with a friction wheel 107. The shaft 105', as is shown in Fig. 6, is a sectional shaft, or in other words, a telescopic shaft,

comprising a tubular member e, which is held to turn in the bearing 106, and a solid member e, journaled in the bearing 106, and to which the friction roller 107 is secured, the said solid section e of'the shaft having sliding and guided movement in the tubular section e. To that end the tubular section 0 is provided with a longitudinal slot 6 and the entering solid section e of -the shaft is'provided with a lug e, which extends through and travelsin the said slot c The two bearings 106 and 106", which are practically hangers, have pivotal supports on the partition 10 of'the casing as is shown construction, that the lever forming the in Fig. 6. The pivotal bearing for the hangers 106 is in the shape .of an inverted U, as is-shown at 108 in Figs. 6 and 7, and the said hanger 106" isprovided with a U- shaped head 109, pivotally attached at its members to the members of the bearing-108.

and rests at its free end against the bottom of the said artit-ion 1 0, forcing the friction roller 107 a ways in engagement with a, disk 113 to be hereinafter referred to. The opposite hanger 106 is pivoted to an ordinary bracket attached to the partition'10, and a spring 11 secured to the said bracket, as is s 1()\\'l'1 in 6, bears against the front side of a pin 112 on the hanger 106, causing the end of the shaft 105 to which the pinion 104 is secured" to be normallyforced in such.

direction as to assist the spring..110 in maintainin the friction roller 107 in engagement with t e said disk 113. v o

The disk 113 and the shaft 105, together with the parts'connected therewith, constispeed of the controlling sheet 14 in its passage over the guide rollers 93 and 94,-and such .control'is brought about by shifting the member e of the shaft 105 so as'to bring the said friction'roller 1Q7 nearer the...center of the disk-113, ofnearer the periphery of the same, The disk 113 is mounted on the end of a shaft 114, j ournaled in suitable hangers 11'5 attached :to the partition 10; and this shaft 1141s provided with a suitable pulley over which a be1t116 is passed, and this belt 4 is likewise ..ssed. over a suitable pulley on the shaft 0 the pump H, as-is indicated/in Fig. 2; The belt 116 is held under tension and in suitable position to accomplish? s workby means of. idlers 117 engaging with both strands of the belt, the said idlers being ed on the frame 5661 the pump H, as is also shown in and these idlers are held to their wogk'by a spring'119 connected to the arm and to the base section of the casing of the instrument,.as is also shown inb'ig. 2.

carried by a forked amfl 18 pivotally mount- The movement of the solid portion 1; of I the tempo shaft is-brought about through the medium of a lever 120,,which is com said lever is pivoted to the-bottom of the partition 10 and extends forward, termrnating in a handle asis shown in Fig. 4, W1thm easy reach when the drop section b of the drawer B is lo .'.-'ered. This lever is limited cured to the bottom of the partition 10119 is particularly shownin Fig. 6, and the inner monlv knos-n as a metronome lever, and the 100 .105 in its movement byp'ins 121 and 121' se end of the lever is attached to a shiftingarm 122, which shifting arm is moun loosely on the solid section e, of the shaft 105, between suitable collars 123.-

It will be observed from the foregoin trols the action of the hammers and renders the action of the hammers on the strings,

greater or less, I emplov an equalizing be lows N which is in the ower portion of the casing, preferably located at one side, the right-hand side forexample, and an upper expression bellows N, properly su ported at the same portion of the casing. etween trols the hammer rail and'consequently conqrn lentioncd are suitably'supp rted. j The; ex-

ression -bello'ws and the e 'ualizing bel- .1 ows iareplain bellows, but-tie equalizing o.bellews Ngirhich is-the lower onc and. .is adjacent ,to. the pump Hjis provided with a ,trunk' 124 A tube 125 is connected with 1o the, bellows58 inthe frame of the pump. H

, andwitlilthe trunkpwhile-another tube 126 A g Y ,from the bottom port onof the 'saidtrunk connect-stlie trunk 124 ofthe e ualizing bellows with the valve boxM. urther- -more, the vacuum tube 65' which passes from the bellows 57 in the frame of the ump H lil'rewise. connects with the said trun "124, anda continuation of'the-said pipe 65 connects with the lower vacuum chestG, that portion of the pipe-65 passing through the "trunk 124, being divided in the said trunk. With reference to the detail construction of the valvebox M, such construction isv clearly. shown-infig. -12,. wherein it'willbe observed-that the box isprovided with r5525 practically fOUI" chambers, namely divided chamber 127 and a parallel and divided chamber 128, the top 129 whereof is open and the bottom closed, the two chambers being separated onefrom' the other by a partitiOIi 1289.

partition 128 an opening 130518 produced, establishing communication between the two chambers 127 and 128; and at the up er portioni'of. the said partition 128 anot ier and correspondin opening 131- is produced, establishing further communication. The

. lowen opening 130 is normally closed by a flap valve 132, located in the chamber 128 V and, held iii-position by a spring 133, r: hile the u-pper-opening 131 in the said partition 128 isnormallyclosed'by a flap valve 134, likewise located the said charnber 128 and .held in position by a spring 135. A partition 130? divides the chamber 128 into '45 two arts, the said partition-130 being lo- .catei below the upper flap valve 134 and above a communicating opening 129* which is produced in the partition 128?, and is uncovered at bothsides. A.recess 136 is produced in what may be termed the inner face of the outer wall of the chamber 127, and a recess 137 is correspondingly produced in the lowe'hportion oi the same v all'of the-said --};aml:er33127. It --may be here remarked "fthat -the tube 126 .above alluded to as being f arriedfrom the trunk 124 of the equalizing bellowsf N enters. the bottom portion j'of the saidfchamb'er 127. A diaphragm 1138 covers -thelrr'e cess 136 at-its inner portion, and-this i- '60 dia"h1agm-, which is a flexible one, has atta'cled to it a jumper 139, the stem 140 whereof extends into the opening 131 in the partition 128, and as the said umper 139 1s forced inward its stem 140 will engage with the flap valve 134 and unseat the same.

Inthe lonerportion of the A diaphragm 141, likewise illexibl e, covers the inner portion of the lower recess-137 in the innerwall ofthe-chamber 127,-and this A trunk 145. is'provid'ed'for the valve box M, o posit'e the upper jumper 139, and in this trim a channel 1441s rod'uced, .whic'h'l'eads and communicates with the'recess covered by the upper 'rliaphragm 138; and'another channel or duct ;146 connects with the said point above the j'nrnper139; ;A pipe or tube 147 connectsthe up 'jr'portion of-the cham her 127 with the expression bellowsNQand,

a tube 148 is carriedfromthe chaiirieledpon" tion of the trunk 145 and the .duct 146 to an openinghnthe-ductbridge C,to be normally coveredby the contr'olling sheet 14 passing.

over the saidbridge, or uncovered when a suitable opening in the said controlling sheet registers with thatfin. the. duct-bridge. The

chamber 127 is divided at a oint between the two jumpers 139 and'142 y means of a artition 149. A channel 150- isproduced 1n the outer wall of the chamber 127 at itsbottom-Portion, and this channel 150, by means 0 a duct 151. is in commun'ica'tionbe tween its ends with the bottom compartment of the chamber 127, while the upper portion "of said channel 150 is in a; lmmunication' with the lower recess 137 carrying the lower jumper 142 and its diaphragm, and a tube 152 connects with the bottom portion oithe channel 150 and is carried to a connection with a port or duct in the duct bridge C- Thus the air ad.-

mitted into the opening in the duct'bridge C communicating with the said channel-l 50,

when the said duct in theduct bridge is mi covered by an opening in the controlling sheet 14, will act u on the diaphragm l-4l'a'ndwill cause the s'ai jumper in its turnto'act on its fia diaphragm132 to unseat the same.

he expression bellows N is provided'with a downwardly-extending finger 153, and-this fingeris connected by a chain 154, .orthe equivalent thereof, with the s'winging'or'pivoted hammer rail 88,- so that yvhen the expression bellows N is collapsed the hammer rail will be drawnin dinx'tion' of the strings,

a'ndi'the hammers will" hlfavo but a slight movement, and therefore the tone as. a ham-' mer strikes the strings will be soft; and as the expression bellows expands, the'ha'mmer rail 88 is carried away fromthe stringsand the hammers will-have greater action: and consequently when they strike thes'trin'gs a louder tone will be produced. 5

In theoperation of this form of the attachment, when the opening in the duct bridgeC influencing the jumper 142 is uncovered by reason of an opening in the, ,con-

trolling sheet 14 registering therewith, the" said valve 142 is forced inward and unseats the lower flap valve 132, permitting the air to be drawn romthe expression bellows N,

down through'thc tube 1417, cormecting it with the valve box M, the air entering the chamber 1.27 at the top and escaping through the opening 129 in the said valve box; and the action ofthe air is such that lower flap 132in the valve box is ucked upon, and

brings the piano hammers close to the controlling sheet'14, and the duct in the duct bridge 139 must be opened, which action causes the theair therefore enters the lower or vacuum section of the chamber. 127, This action strings, giving the piano a soft tone. In order to make the piano play louder the expression bellows N must-open, permitting the hammers to have their full stroke To accomplish this, the duct in the duct bridge C above referred to must be closed the C corresponding to the upper jumper upper flap valve 134 to open, thus permitting the air to rush in through the upper openmg 159 at the top of the chamber 128, down through the valve opening 131 into the upper section of the chamber 127 and upthrough the tube 147 into theexpression'bellows N, expanding or opening the same, thus permitting the hammer rail to dropback to its notmal position.

In Fig. 2, 155 and 156; represent.respectively thesoftj and theloud pedals respecv tiyely usually employed in connection with a piano, and 157 represents the pedal lever,

' V which is connected with the soft pedal 155, 4c,-

which lever 157 supportsa connecting rod 158, having the usual connection withthe hammer rail' 88. The loud pedal 156 is also provided with the usual-pedal lever 159, and this lever supportsa connectingor pedal rod nection with the ordinary damper rod 161,

160, which extends'upward to t'he usual conacting in the usual way, so that-the instrument may be played upon the same as an ordinary not brought into action;

instrument when the attachment is but the pedal rod 160 is automatically operatedupon by means of what I term a sustaining bellows 162, and

which is practically (if the same construction as the neumatics 'X'heretofore referred to, the said sustaining bellows being" provided with a finger 163, which engages with a lever 164, pivoted on a bracket 165, eBrtending fronrthe soun" ing board 70, as is shown in 2, the said'parts being shown in detail in F gs. 9 and 10. The lever'164 passes through an eye,166, or other form of guide, located on the'pedal'rod 160'. The sustaining belldws 162 is connected with the lowervacuumbox G bymeans of a suitable tube 167, and the said bellows 162 is connected by a tube; 168

' 198 is pivoted,

with a suitable duct in the duct bridge C, so I.

that when the controlling. sheet 14 presents an opening at the'duct with which the pipe I or tube 168 1s connected, it'brings the'sustaining bellows l62 into action, and insures "the loudest'possible tone for a predetermined length of time. is shown particularly in Fig. 9, that the lever 164 connected, with the pedal bar 160 is limited in its downward movement by a stop 166.

In-the front of one -of-the pilasters, preferably that at the left-hand side of the casing,

a slotted wear plate 169 issecured, and n this plate a coin-conducting slide 170, shown in 1, has movement, the'slide beingso constructed as to conduct a coin placed It may be here remarked, as v thereon'into thecasingand deposit the coin on a tray 171, shown best in Fig. 18; and as the tray drops under the weight of the coin the coin slides off from said tray andenters a chute 17 2 shown in Fig. 2,,and is conducted into a drawer 173, or other receptacle readily accessible or removable, I After'a piece has been played to afin1sh,a slot in the controlling sheet 14 will be brought opposit'e a certain duct in the duct bridge C,

in order'that the circuit may be broken. This is accomplished through the medium of a pneumatic of the sa'me'c'onstruction as the pneumatics heretofore described. At the upper end of the bellows portion of this pneumatic? a rod and thisrod passes through an'eye'197 in the crank arm extension 187 from the pivoted portion of the knife-blade switch; and the end of the said rod 198,

which is passed through the said'ey'e 197, ter- .minates in a crank arm 199, or an enlarge P,locat'ed within the casing, being the duct bridge air is withdrawn from the bellows "in the pneumatic P, the collapsigg of 3 the bellows of said pneumatic will so pu ion the rod 198 as to cause clrcuit and consequently causing the motor to cease action. A

' It will he noticed that the duct bridge is mounted upon a swinging frame. The reason for such mounting is that it permits the drawer Bto be pushed in easily, the duct the breaking of the I bridge rising so as to allow the spools .o'r

drums 93 and "94 topass under.

- If the controller sheet 14 hould become.

cramped or pull too hardythe duct bridge to pass moreevenly and freely over the drums. This action preventsthe sheet 14 from pulling from one side tothe other, thus maintaining. the controller sheet 14 in good order. i i

ith rel'lrence to the particular action of the sustaining pneumatic or bellows 162, while this bellows works the piano dampers are drawn away from the Strings, sustaining the tones brought aboutcby the striking of the hammers.

I-laving thus described my invention, I claim s new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. A striking pneumatic for automatic instruments, comprising a body section having a vacuum chamber provided with an end outlet, a bellows below the body, a partition between the bellows and the body, being provided with a communicating opening and an opening to the atmosphere together with an end opening ada ted for communication with the duct bridge of the instrument, an apertured cup over the communicating atmospheric opening, a valve. held 'to play in the said cup to and from the opening in the cup and the atmospheric opening, and means for operating the said valve tl'irough the conditions ot'the air at the end opening in the partition, as described. v r

2. A strikingpneumatic for automatic instruments, comprising a body portion having aifv'acuum chanrber therein, provided with an end outlet adapted for cornmunication with the vacuum chest of the instrument, and a bellows below the body section, the partition separating the two parts having a communi- (rating opening, an opening to the atmosphere andfan end opening in communication with the duct bridge of the instrument, a dust sieve m the said end opening, a valve con-- trolling the opening to the atmosphere, and

vmeans for controlling the said valve from the end opening in the partition, as described.

3. 1n strlking' pncmnatics for automatic instruments, a body portion having a vacuum chamber therein provided with an end outlet, adapted for communication with' the vacuum chest, a bellows below the said chamber, provided with aiinger, a tracker rod carried by said finger, the partition dividing the two sections of the striking pneumatic being provided "with aconnnunicating opening and an opening in communication with the atmosphere extending up through the top of the partition, the said partition being also provided with an end opening adaited 'forcommunication with the duct brhlgeof the instrument, and a channel from the said opening leading into the vacuum chamber, a cup ocated over the communicating openmg and the o enmg 1n communlcation with the atmosprere, which cup is provided with an opening communicating with the vacuum chamber, a valve haviru 4. In striking pneumatics for automatic instruments, a body portion having a vacuoutlet, adapted for communication with the vacuum chest, a bellows below the said chamber, provided with a. finger, a tracker bar car ried by the said linger, the partition dividing the two sections o't-the striking pneumatic being provided with a connnunicating open ing and an opening in communication with the atmosphere extending up through the top of the partition, the said partition being also provided with an, end. opening adapted for conmmnication with the duct bridge of the instrument and achannel tronr the said opening leading into the vacuum chamber, a cup located over the com!nunicating opening and the opening in communication wlth the atmosphere, which cup is provided with an chamber, a valve having play to and from the opening in the cup and the opening in communication with the atmosphere to alternately (dose one or the other, a (-liaphragm in the ar'tition of the said mcumatic a dust ing to normally hold the said valve in an upper position, and a device'l'or forcing the valve downward at the. upward movcmentotthe said diaphragm, as described.

5. ln striking pncumatics for automatic instruments, a body portion provided with a vacuum chamber having an opening, at one end, adapted forcommunication with the vacuum chest, a bellows located below the bellows and vacuum chamber provided with a connnunicating opening and an opening in communication with the atmosphere leading out through the upper portion of the parti- "with an end opening; an air duct connecting a diaphragm otherwise closing the said end opening with relation to the vacuumpchamber, a )rojection from the diaphragm, a cup located on the partition, covering the communicating opening and the opening in communication with theatmosphere, which cup is provided with an opening communicating with the vacuum chamber, located over the opening in communication with the atmosopening comnmnic'ating with the vacuumclosing the upper portion of the cnd'opening' tion, the said partition heinglikewise provided um chamber therein provided with an end sieve located at the outer cnd portion of the end opening in said part-dam, a spring servvacuum chamber, having a finger adapted to support a tracker bar, partition between the the'said opening with the vacuum chamber,

l the said diaphragm,

pll'ere, a spring alternately ,the opening communicating with the atmosmass controlled valve mounted within the cup,

municati'ng with the atmosphere, and a rider having bearin on the said valve, pivoted on the partition between its ends, one end of which rider rests upon the rojection from v as deseri ed.

6. In striking pneumatics for automatic instruments, 2. body portion provided with a vacuum chamber having an opening at one end, adapted for communication with the vacuum chest, a bellows located below the vacuum chamber, having a finger adapted to sup wit a tracker bar, the partition between the )ellows and vacuumchamber being providcd with a communicating opening and'an opening in communication w th the atmosphcre leading outthrough the upper portion of the partition, the said partition being likewise provided with an end openingpan air duct connecting the said opening with the vacuuni chamber, a diaphragm otherwise closing the said end opening with relation to the vacuum chamber, a projection from the diaphragm, a cup locatedon the partition, covering the communicating opening and the o )ening in communication with the atmosphere, which cup is'provided with an opening 'c'oiiununicatim with the vacuum chamber,

located-over the opening in comnumication with the atmosphere, a spring-controlled valve mounted within the cup, adapted to close the opening in the cup and pherc, a rider having bearing on the said valve, pivoted on thepartition between its ends, one end of. which rider rests upon the projection Trom the said sieve located. end opening in the partition, a duct bridge, and a communication between the end opening in the partition and the said duct bridge, for the purposes set forth.

7. In striking pneumatics for automatic instruments, a duct bridge, a'pneumat c, an.

exciter tube connectingthei'meiimatic with the duct bridge, said striking pneumatic being rovided with a stepped chamber into wliic the exciter tube is entered, which chamber is in a measure covered by a flexible diaphragm and is provided with a port independent ol the diaphragm, a valve coated at the air port ol" the pneumatic, a connection between the diaphragm and valve, and a dust sieve located diagonally in said chamber where the exciter tube enters and between duct bridge, and a guiding spider located besaid tube, the diaphragm and the port.

8. In striking pneuinatics for automatic chamber. a partition dividing the two sec-,

tions of the striking pneumatic and provided adapted to alternately close the opening in the cup and the opening com diaphragm, a dust at the end portion of the with an opening in communication with the atmosphere, the said partition being also provided with an end opening ada ted for communication with the duct bri go of the instrument, and a channel from neumatie,a cup located over the end openmg an'dthe opening in communication with the atmosphere in the said partition, which cup is provided with an opening communieating withthe vacuum chamber of the pneumatic, a valve having play to and from the opening in the on and the opening in communication with t e tomatically close one 'or' the other of said openings, a diaphragm closing the upper portron of the end opening in the partition of the pneumatic, and means for controlling the said valve from the said diaphragm. 9. In an automatic piano, a dam )er rod, a pedal lever, a connecting rod extent ing from the damper rod to the pedal lever, the said connecting rod having an eye formed thereon, a lever fulcrun'red on a fixed support assed through the eyes of the said connectmg rod, a stop for the said lever,a -duct Tblld e, a vacuum chest constructedin two para lel compartments, one located above the other, said compartments of the vacuum chest being connected at their ends, a pump for creatin a vacuumm the said chest, a sus-.

taining pe al bellows 1provided with a finger adapted to engage wit 1 the said lever, a comnrunication between the said pedal sustain-. ing bellows and the vacuum chest, and a sec the said openmgleadmg into the vacuum chamber of the A end communication between the pedal sus taining bellows and the duct bridge, all opjerating as described.

10. In automatic pianos, in tone-producing elements, a swing duct bridge Within the instrument, a drawer removable from the instrument, and drums or' reels for carrying the controlling sheet for the instrument, located within the said drawer, which dIlfIllS or reels when the drawer is con- "nee-ted with the instrument are beneath the duct bridge, and a controlling device for a controlling sheet when placed on the drums or reels, as described.

-1 1. In automatic pianos, a casing containing tone-producing elements, a swinging duct bridge within' the instrument, a drawer removable from the instrument, drums or reels for carrying the controlling sheet for the instrument and mounted 'to revolve 'ithin the drawer, which drums or reels when the drawer is in place are below the tween'the drums or reels, as described.

12. In a-pneumatic, the combination of a body having a vacuum chamber provided with an outlet, an auxiliary chamber adapted for connection with a duct bridge, and an air port -'n commruiication with the atmosphere; a bellows having an exhaust port in coma casing containmunieation with the vacuum chamber; an I apertured cup in the vacuum chamber located over-the air port and the outlet of the bellows exhaust port; a valve in the cup, adapted to play between the aperture in the latter and air port; and means for operating the said valve,'dependent for actuation upon the condition of the air in the auxiliary chamber; as set forth.

13. In a pneumatic, the combination of a chambered body having an outlet, and a bellows, having between them a common wall provided with an air port in communicaitlon with the atmosphere and opening into the chamber, an exhaust port for the bellows, and anauxiliary chamber adapted for connection with a duct bridge; an apertured cup Within the chamber, located over the air port and the bellows exhaust port; a

valve 111 the cup, adapted to play between the aperture in the cup and the exhaust port; and means for operating the said valve, dependent for actuation upon the condition of the air in the auxiliary chamber; as set forth.

,body having avacuum chamber provided with an outlet, an auxiliary chamber adapted for-connection-with a duct bridge, and an air port in communication with the atmosphere; a bellows having an exhaust port into the vacuum chamber; an apertured cup in the vacuum chamber, located over the air port and the bellows exhaust port; a valve within the cup, yieldingly held to close the aperture in the cup; a lever. for carrying the valve away from the said a erture and upon the air port to close the fatter; and means for actuating the lever, dependent for operation upon the condition of the air in the auxiliary chamber; as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name'to this specification in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses;

FRED. ROOT GOOLMAN'.

Witnesses.

T. H. MUTTER, LA VERNE RACE.

14. In a pneumatic, the combination of a 

